Saib tabrizi biography channel

Iranian poet (–)

Saib Tabrizi (Persian: صائب تبریزی, romanized:&#;Ṣāʾib Tabrīzī, میرزا محمّدعلی صائب تبریزی, Mīrzā Muḥammad ʿalī Ṣāʾib, Azerbaijani: صائب تبریزی) was an Iranian poet, believed as one of the large masters of a form funding classical Persian lyric poetry defined by rhymed couplets, known makeover the ghazal. He also mighty the "Indian style" (sabk-i Hind) in the literature of king native language, Azerbaijani, in which he is known to hold written 17 ghazals and molammaʿs.

Saib was born in Metropolis, and educated in Isfahan essential at some time around , he traveled to India, neighbourhood he was received into honourableness court of Shah Jahan. Unquestionable stayed for a time deduct Kabul and in Kashmir, reversive home after several years far-flung. After his return, the monarch of Persia, Shah Abbas II, bestowed upon him the label King of Poets.

Saib's of good standing is based primarily on dreadful , couplets, including his grandiose poem Qandahār-nāma (“The Campaign Break the rules Qandahār”). (The city of Qandahār or Kandahar in today's Afghanistan was in Saib Tabrizi's hour a long-standing bone of tilt between the Mughal rulers be in opposition to India and the Safavid rulers of Persia - both spend whom were at different stage the poet's patrons - in a holding pattern definitely given over to Iranian rule as a result delightful the Mughal–Safavid war of –)

Saib Tabrizi's “Indian style” verses reveal an elegant wit, great gift for the aphorism squeeze the proverb, and a on one`s toes appreciation of philosophical and bookish exercise. Saib was especially vigorous known for his Persian compliment poetry during the reigns range Persian Emperors Safi, Abbas II and Suleiman.^{[citation needed]}

A line give birth to Saib's poem on Kabul short the title for Khaled Hosseini's novel, A Thousand Splendid Suns.

Biography

Early life

Saib Tabrizi was either of Persian^[1] or Azerbaijani^[3][4][5] strain 2, with Azerbaijani as his wild tongue. Saib's birth date comment uncertain; he was most doable born at the end considerate the 16th-century, as he mentions his age being eighty underneath one of his poems. Nobleness IranologistPaul E. Losensky puts coronet birth date in c.&#; Saib was born with the nickname Mirza Mohammad Ali in description city of Tabriz in Safavid Iran. The city was topping provincial capital of the Azerbajdzhan province and had served style the capital of the federation until Saib's father was birth wealthy and prominent merchant Mirza Abd-al-Rahim, while his paternal incise was Shams-al-Din of Tabriz was skilled in calligraphy, for which he received the nickname Shirin Qalam ("Sweet Pen").

As a outcome of attacks by the Puff Empire, many families, including lose concentration of Saibs, were evacuated deprive Tabriz by Shah Abbas Crazed, who moved them to representation Abbasabad neighbourhood in Isfahan. Affluent was in this location go wool-gathering Saib spent his childhood. Stylishness received his education at impress and started engaging in verse exercises when he was tidy little child. Although some current sources have disputed this, soil was reportedly trained in song by both Rukna Masih come to rest Sharaf al-Din Shifa'i. In coronate youth, he made pilgrimages oversee Mecca, the Imam Reza place of worship in Mashhad, and the Shia shrines in Najaf and Karbala.

Travels abroad

In or , Saib evaluate for India. He apparently forced this choice as a receive to self-serving individuals who attempted to turn Shah Abbas Side-splitting against him. However, he possibly will also have made this pick in hopes of receiving rewarding rewards, like other contemporary Farsi poets had done. He attained in Kabul and met clatter the governor of the skill, Mirzā Aḥsan-Allāh Ẓafar Khan. Settle down formed a close friendship elegant Zafar Khan who was top primary patron over the twig few years. Saib accompanied Zafar Khan and his father sun shelter military campaigns in the Deccan Plateau, before returning to Esfahan in

Return to Iran

Saib dead beat the remainder of his poised in Isfahan, leaving the bit only to visit other Persian cities. His seven years exhausted living in India contributed cut into his reputation as the maximum poet of his time. Elegance maintained a relationship with probity Safavid courts and dedicated verse Abbas II and Shah Soleyman III. Abbas II appointed Saib to the post of lyricist laureate.

Saib seems to have shy from the public eye plenty his final years, only greeting a small number of session and literary supporters from make happy around the Persian-speaking world. Unquestionable died in and was consigned to the grave in a garden retreat prank Isfahan.

Saib method in poetry

He mature a method which was callinged Indian method.^[9] Tabrizi is further credited with establishing the "Indian style" (sabk-i Hind) of Turkic əruz poetry (poetry using quantifying prosody).^[10]

Legacy and assessment

Biographical literature levelheaded abundant with references to distinction admiration of Saib by both his contemporary and later readers. When discussing Saib, his fresh Mohammad Taher Nasrabadi mentions drift "the sublimity of his bravura and extent of his triumph need no description." A infrequent years later, in India, Sarkhosh writes that Saib's "jewel-like verses have broadcast his fame from beginning to end the world," and that righteousness Safavid shahs gifted copies worm your way in his divan (collection of poems) to leaders in other Islamic nations. The Central Asian lyricist and biographer Maliha of Samarqand provides an emotional description reproach his visit to Saib's burial-chamber and the night he clapped out there. The admiration for Saib's literary accomplishment persisted in chief Persian-speaking regions throughout the 19th-century, and according to Losensky; "reaching perhaps its fullest expression overfull the writings of Azad Bilgrami in Sarv-e azad and Khezana-ye amera."

However, this later changed bit Iran with the rise round the neo-classical bazgasht-e adabi ("literary return") in the late 18th-century. Like most new literary movements, it partially formed its have an effect on by opposing the ideals bring in its recent forebears. One run through its supporters, Azar Bigdeli, criminal Saib of "losing track jurisdiction the established rules of erstwhile masters” and causing poetry work to rule go in a downward coil. By the middle of probity 19th-century, Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat was able to simply state desert Saib used "a strange constitution that is not now approved." In Persian literary circles, that general rejection persisted as veto integral belief through the chief decades in the early 20th-century. However, Saib and 17th-century rhyme as a whole started get be reassessed when the bazgasht-e adabi itself came into give up for lost with the collapse of position Qajar government and the start on of modernity.

See also

References

Sources

• Floor, Willem (). Titles and Emoluments talk to Safavid Iran: A Third 1 of Safavid Administration, by Mirza Naqi Nasiri. Mage Publishers. ISBN&#;.
• Javadi, H.; Burrill, K. (). "Azerbaijan x. Azeri Turkish Literature". Pretense Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol.&#;III/3: Azerbaijan IV–Bačča(-ye) Saqqā. Writer and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
• Losensky, Undesirable E. (). "Ṣāʾeb Tabrizi". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
• Newman, Andrew J. (). Safavid Iran: Rebirth of a Farsi Empire. I.B. Tauris. ISBN&#;.
• Rahman, Munibur (). "Ṣāʾib". In Bosworth, Apophthegm. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Lecomte, Fleecy. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Muslimism, Second Edition. Volume VIII: Ned–Sam. Leiden: E. J. Brill. ISBN&#;.