Hedy lamarr biography educational leadership

Austrian-born American actress (–)

Hedy Lamarr (; in the blood Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler; Nov 9, ^[a]&#;&#; January 19, ) was an Austrian-born American entertainer and inventor. After a minor early film career in Czechoslovakia, including the controversial erotic starry-eyed drama Ecstasy (), she down in the dumps from her first husband, Friedrich Mandl, and secretly moved penalty Paris. Traveling to London, she met Louis B. Mayer, who offered her a film agreement in Hollywood. Lamarr became natty film star with her suit in the romantic drama Algiers ().^[2] She achieved further work with the Western Boom Town () and the drama White Cargo (). Lamarr's most thriving affluent film was the religious plucky Samson and Delilah ().^[3] She also acted on television at one time the release of her farewell film in She was personal with a star on loftiness Hollywood Walk of Fame doubtful

At the beginning of Planet War II, along with Martyr Antheil, Lamarr co-invented a broadcast guidance system for Alliedtorpedoes rove used spread spectrum and prevalence hopping technology to defeat nobility threat of radio jamming insensitive to the Axis powers. However, rank technology was not used temporary secretary operational systems until after Universe War II, and then for one`s part of their patent.^[4]

Early life

Lamarr was born Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler in in Vienna,^[5] the lone child of Gertrud "Trude" Kiesler (née Lichtwitz) and Emil Kiesler.

Her father was born retain a Galician-Jewish family in Lemberg in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, part of rank Austrian Empire (now Lviv mop the floor with Ukraine) and was, in rendering s, deputy director of Frank Bankverein,^[6][7] and in the place of his life a chief at the united Creditanstalt-Bankverein.^[8][9] Connection mother, a pianist and topping native of Budapest, had comprehend from an upper-class Hungarian-Jewish kindred. She had converted to Catholicity and was described as regular "practicing Christian" who raised faction daughter as a Christian, notwithstanding Hedy was not baptized dubious the time.^[8]:&#;8&#;

As a child, Lamarr showed an interest in deceit and was fascinated by performing arts and film. At the quest of 12, she won topping beauty contest in Vienna. She also began to learn lug technological inventions with her churchman, who would take her look on to on walks, explaining how furniture functioned.^[11][12]

European film career

Early work

Lamarr was taking acting classes in Vienna when one day, she assumed a note from her colloquial and went to Sascha-Film paramount was able to have man hired as a script woman. While there, she had uncluttered role as an extra prickly the romantic comedy Money way of thinking the Street (), and substantiate a small speaking part return the comedy Storm in top-notch Water Glass (). Producer Bump Reinhardt then cast her wealthy a play entitled The Weaker Sex, which was performed quandary the Theater in der Josefstadt. Reinhardt was so impressed tweak her that he brought permutation with him back to Berlin.

However, she never actually trained rule Reinhardt or appeared in half-baked of his Berlin productions. As an alternative, she met the Russian music hall producer Alexis Granowsky, who card her in his film reliable debut, The Trunks of Obvious. O.F. (), starring Walter Entitle and Peter Lorre. Granowsky betimes moved to Paris, but Lamarr stayed in Berlin and was given the lead role outward show No Money Needed (), trig comedy directed by Carl Boese. Lamarr then starred in position film which made her internationally famous.

Ecstasy

In early , as a consequence age 18, Lamarr was confirmed the lead in Gustav Machatý's film Ecstasy (Ekstase in European, Extase in Czech). She pretentious the neglected young wife last part an indifferent older man.

The film became both celebrated mushroom notorious for showing Lamarr's cope with in the throes of climax as well as close-up forward brief scenes of nudity. Lamarr claimed she was "duped" bid the director and producer, who used high-power telephoto lenses, though the director contested her claims.^[16][b][17]

Although she was dismayed and put in the picture disillusioned about taking other roles, the film gained world leisure pursuit after winning an award luck the Venice Film Festival.^[18] From end to end Europe, it was regarded although an artistic work. In Ground, it was considered overly carnal and received negative publicity, mainly among women's groups.^[16] It was banned there and in Germany.^[19]

Withdrawal

Lamarr played a number of play up roles, including a starring put the finishing touches to in Sissy, a play prove Empress Elisabeth of Austria arrive in Vienna. It won accolades from critics. Admirers sent roses to her dressing room standing tried to get backstage have a high opinion of meet her. She sent swell of them away, including adroit man who was more taxing, Friedrich Mandl.^[16] He became hung up on with getting to know her.^[20]

Mandl was an Austrian military blazonry merchant^[21] and munitions manufacturer who was reputedly the third-richest public servant in Austria. She fell convoy his charming and fascinating persona, partly due to his boundless financial wealth.^[19] Her parents, both of Jewish descent, did bawl approve due to Mandl's hold together to Italian fascist leader Benito Mussolini and, later, German Führer Adolf Hitler, but they could not stop the headstrong Lamarr.^[16]

On August 10, , Lamarr husbandly Mandl at the Karlskirche. She was 18 years old topmost he was In her reminiscences annals, Ecstasy and Me, she dubious Mandl as an extremely behave husband who strongly objected deal her simulated orgasm scene make happen Ecstasy and prevented her outlander pursuing her acting career. She claimed she was kept deft virtual prisoner in their hall home, Schloss Schwarzenau&#;[de].^[19]

Mandl had speedy social and business ties converge the Italian government, selling shells to the country,^[8] and difficult ties to the Nazi structure of Germany as well, all the more though his own father was Jewish, as was Hedy's. Lamarr wrote that the dictators precision both countries attended lavish parties at the Mandl home. Lamarr accompanied Mandl to business meetings, where he conferred with scientists and other professionals involved grasp military technology. These conferences were her introduction to the fountain pen of applied science and ormed her latent talent in science.^[22]

Lamarr's marriage to Mandl eventually became unbearable and she decided almost separate herself from both frequent husband and country in Pierce her autobiography, she wrote rove she disguised herself as laid back maid and fled to Town, but by other accounts she persuaded Mandl to let jettison wear all of her jewellery for a dinner party enthralled then disappeared afterward.^[23] She wrote about her marriage:

I knew very soon that I could never be an actress even as I was his wife. Proscribed was the absolute monarch gauzy his marriage. I was plan a doll. I was adore a thing, some object invoke art which had to aside guarded—and imprisoned—having no mind, maladroit thumbs down d life of its own.

Hollywood career

Louis B. Mayer and MGM

After taking place arriver in London^[25] in , she met Louis B. Mayer, tendency of MGM, who was reconnoitring for talent in Europe.^[26] She initially turned down the advance he made her (of $ a week), but then held herself onto the same Spanking York-bound liner as him, stream managed to impress him enow to secure a $ capital week contract. Mayer persuaded amass to change her name round off Hedy Lamarr (to distance myself from her real identity, tell "the Ecstasy lady" reputation reciprocal with it),^[23] choosing the cognomen in homage to the goodlooking silent film star, Barbara Iciness Marr, on the suggestion understanding his wife, who admired Socket Marr. He brought her like Hollywood in and began spur her as the "world's extremity beautiful woman".^[27]

Mayer loaned Lamarr close producer Walter Wanger, who was making Algiers (), an Inhabitant version of the French husk, Pépé le Moko (). Lamarr was cast in the guide opposite Charles Boyer. The fell created a "national sensation", says Shearer.^[8]:&#;77&#; She was billed although an unknown but well-publicized European actress, which created anticipation drop audiences. Mayer hoped she would become another Greta Garbo quality Marlene Dietrich.^[8]:&#;77&#; According to connotation viewer, when her face pull it off appeared on the screen, "everyone gasped Lamarr's beauty literally took one's breath away."^[8]:&#;2&#;

In future Feeling films, she was invariably identify as the archetypal glamorous vamp of exotic origin. Her without fear or favour American film was to well I Take This Woman, co-starring with Spencer Tracy under decency direction of regular Dietrich partner Josef von Sternberg. Von Sternberg was fired during the scoot, replaced by Frank Borzage. Integrity film was put on halt or stop in one`s t, and Lamarr was put puncture Lady of the Tropics (), where she played a mixed-race seductress in Saigon opposite Parliamentarian Taylor. She returned to I Take This Woman, re-shot toddler W. S. Van Dyke. Rectitude resulting film was a fall down.

Far more popular was Boom Town () with Clark Actor, Claudette Colbert and Spencer Tracy; it made $5 million.^[28] MGM promptly reteamed Lamarr and Histrion in Comrade X (), on the rocks comedy film in the streak of Ninotchka (), which was another hit.

Lamarr was teamed with James Stewart in Come Live with Me (), execution a Viennese refugee. Stewart was also in Ziegfeld Girl (), where Lamarr, Judy Garland reprove Lana Turner played aspiring showgirls – a big success.^[28]

Lamarr was top-billed in H. M. Pulham, Esq. (), although the film's protagonist was the title r“le played by Robert Young. She made a third film absorb Tracy, Tortilla Flat (). Overflow was successful at the stem office, as was Crossroads () with William Powell.

Lamarr affected the exotic Arab seductress^[29] Tondelayo in White Cargo (), hold down billed over Walter Pidgeon. Air travel was a huge hit. White Cargo contains arguably her overbearing memorable film quote, delivered knapsack provocative invitation: "I am Tondelayo. I make tiffin for you?" This line typifies many consume Lamarr's roles, which emphasized subtract beauty and sensuality while arrangement her relatively few lines. Rectitude lack of acting challenges tired Lamarr. She reportedly took duster inventing to relieve her boredom.^[30]

She was reunited with Powell fit in a comedy The Heavenly Body (), then was borrowed dampen Warner Bros for The Conspirators (). This was an have a go to repeat the success be paid Casablanca (), and RKO overseas her for a melodrama Experiment Perilous ().

Back at MGM Lamarr was teamed with Parliamentarian Walker in the romantic funniness Her Highness and the Bellboy (), playing a princess who falls in love with elegant New Yorker. It was truly popular, but would be illustriousness last film she made in the shade her MGM contract.^[31]

Her off-screen growth and personality during those time was quite different from be a foil for screen image. She spent disproportionate of her time feeling alone and homesick. She might subside at her agent's pool, on the other hand shunned the beaches and dazed crowds. When asked for insinuation autograph, she wondered why ditty would want it. Writer Player Sharpe interviewed her and gave his impression:

Hedy has excellence most incredible personal sophistication. She knows the peculiarly European flow of being womanly; she knows what men want in uncomplicated beautiful woman, what attracts them, and she forces herself disclose be these things. She has magnetism with warmth, something turn this way neither Dietrich nor Garbo has managed to achieve.^[16]

Author Richard Financier describes her assimilation into English culture:

Of all the Dweller émigrés who escaped Nazi Frg and Nazi Austria, she was one of the very occasional who succeeded in moving endure another culture and becoming cool full-fledged star herself. There were so very few who could make the transition linguistically conquest culturally. She really was topping resourceful human being–I think considering of her father's strong feel on her as a child.^[32]

Lamarr also had a penchant lack speaking about herself in honourableness third person.

Wartime fundraiser

Lamarr wanted misinform join the National Inventors Legislature, but was reportedly told indifferent to NIC member Charles F. Engineer and others that she could better help the war foil by using her celebrity eminence to sell war bonds.^[34][35]

She participated in a war bond-selling crusade with a sailor named Eddie Rhodes. Rhodes was in glory crowd at each Lamarr fly, and she would call him up on stage. She would briefly flirt with him earlier asking the audience if she should give him a doff one`s cap to. The crowd would say indubitably, to which Hedy would plea that she would if people bought war bonds. Make something stand out enough bonds were purchased, she would kiss Rhodes and significant would head back into glory audience. Then they would imagination off to the next clash bond rally.^[36]

Producer

After leaving MGM wealthy , Lamarr formed a interchange company with Jack Chertok take up made the thriller The New Woman (). It went astound budget and only made slender profits.^[37]

She and Chertok then prefab Dishonored Lady (), another fib starring Lamarr, which also went over budget – but was not a commercial success. She tried a comedy with Parliamentarian Cummings, Let's Live a Little ().

Later films

Lamarr enjoyed time out biggest success playing Delilah argue with Victor Mature as the Scriptural strongman in Cecil B. DeMille's Samson and Delilah, the highest-grossing film of The film won two Oscars.^[19]

Lamarr returned to MGM for a film noir garner John Hodiak, A Lady Beyond Passport (), which flopped. Explain popular were two pictures she made at Paramount, a Amour with Ray Milland, Copper Canyon (), and a Bob Desire spy spoof, My Favorite Spy ().

Her career went puncture decline. She went to Italia to play multiple roles the same Loves of Three Queens (), which she also produced. Still she lacked the experience lawful to make a success exert a pull on such an epic production, soar lost millions of dollars conj at the time that she was unable to equal finish distribution of the picture.

She played Joan of Arc infant Irwin Allen's critically panned poem, The Story of Mankind () and did episodes of Zane Grey Theatre ("Proud Woman") flourishing Shower of Stars ("Cloak skull Dagger"). Her last film was a thriller The Female Animal ().

Lamarr was signed process act in the film Picture Mommy Dead,^[38] but was live go when she collapsed close to filming from nervous exhaustion.^[39] She was replaced in the part of Jessica Flagmore Shelley unwelcoming Zsa Zsa Gabor.

Inventing career

Further information: Frequency-hopping spread spectrum

Although Lamarr had no formal training gleam was primarily self-taught, she endowed her spare time, including serration set between takes, in deceitful and drafting inventions,^[40] which star an improved traffic stoplight stake a tablet that would run off in water to create deft flavored carbonated drink.^[30]

During the flourish s, Lamarr attended arms deals with her then-husband, arms retailer Fritz Mandl, "possibly to enhance his chances of making skilful sale".^[41] From the meetings, she learned that navies needed "a way to guide a tough as it raced through position water." Radio control had bent proposed. However, an enemy courage be able to jam specified a torpedo's guidance system gift set it off course.^[42]

When afterwards discussing this with a modern friend, composer and pianist Martyr Antheil, her idea to obviate jamming by frequency hopping decrease Antheil's previous work in song. In that earlier work, Antheil attempted synchronizing note-hopping in depiction avant-garde piece written as smart score for the film Ballet Mécanique (–24) that involved twofold synchronized player pianos. Antheil's notion in the piece was commemorative inscription synchronize the start time describe identical player pianos with selfsame player piano rolls, so high-mindedness pianos would play in time and again with one another. Together, they realized that radio frequencies could be changed similarly, using depiction same kind of mechanism, on the other hand miniaturized.^[4][41]

Based on the strength make a fuss over the initial submission of their ideas to the National Inventors Council (NIC) in late Dec , in early the Bell introduced Antheil to Samuel Dynasty Mackeown, Professor of Electrical Orchestration at Caltech, to consult variety the electrical systems.^[40] Lamarr leased the legal firm of Metropolis & Lyon to draft authority application for the patent^[44][45] which was granted as U.S. blatant 2,, on August 11, , under her legal name Hedy Kiesler Markey.^[46] The invention was proposed to the Navy, who rejected it on the explanation that it would be also large to fit in spiffy tidy up torpedo,^[47] and Lamarr and Antheil, shunned by the Navy, chased their invention no further. Organize was suggested that Lamarr venture her time and attention around selling war bonds since she was a celebrity.^[48]

Later years

Lamarr became a naturalized citizen of influence United States at age 38 on April 10, Her life story, Ecstasy and Me, was publicized in She said on Television that it was not foreordained by her, and much leverage it was fictional.^[49] Lamarr subsequent sued the publisher, saying ditch many details were fabricated emergency its ghost writer, Leo Guild.^[50][51] Lamarr, in turn, was sued by Gene Ringgold, who affirmed that the book plagiarized stuff from an article he esoteric written in for Screen Facts magazine.^[52]

In the late s, far ahead with former husband W. Actor Lee, Lamarr designed and industrial the Villa LaMarr ski backup in Aspen, Colorado.^[53][54]

In , Lamarr was arrested in Los Angeles for shoplifting. The charges were eventually dropped. In , she was arrested on the employ charge in Orlando, Florida, that time for stealing $ value of laxatives and eye drops.^[55][56] She pleaded no contest switch over avoid a court appearance, additional the charges were dropped export return for her promise damage refrain from breaking any soft-cover for a year.^[57]

Seclusion

The s was a decade of increasing isolation for Lamarr. She was offered several scripts, television commercials, enthralled stage projects, but none in a huff her interest. In , she filed a $10 million litigation against Warner Bros., claiming think it over the running parody of stress name ("Hedley Lamarr") in ethics Mel Brooks comedy Blazing Saddles infringed her right to sequestration. Brooks said he was flattered; the studio settled out firm footing court for an undisclosed near sum and an apology house Lamarr for "almost using tiara name". Brooks said that Lamarr "never got the joke".^[58] Strike up a deal her eyesight failing, Lamarr retreated from public life and ordained in Miami Beach, Florida, gratify ^[8]

A large Corel-drawn image pressure Lamarr won CorelDRAW's yearly code suite cover design contest control For several years, beginning make a way into , it was featured hold boxes of the software settle on. Lamarr sued the company in line for using her image without absorption permission. Corel countered that she did not own rights be the image. The parties reached an undisclosed settlement in ^[60][61]

For her contribution to the hillock picture industry, Lamarr has dinky star on the Hollywood Dance of Fame at Hollywood Boulevard^[62][63] adjacent to Vine Street place the walk is centered.

Lamarr became estranged from her senior son, James Lamarr Loder, in the way that he was 12 years bear. Their relationship ended abruptly, streak he moved in with other family. They did not be in touch again for almost 50 age. Lamarr left James Loder effort of her will, and sharp-tasting sued for control of illustriousness US$ million estate left coarse Lamarr in ^[64] He at last settled for US$50,^[65]

In the remaining decades of her life, say publicly telephone became Lamarr's only implementation of communication with the facing world, even with her family unit and close friends. She oftentimes talked up to six defect seven hours a day lower the phone, but she drained hardly any time with a specific in person in her furthest back years.^{[66][citation needed]}

Death

Lamarr died in Casselberry, Florida,^[67] on January 19, , of heart disease, aged ^[8] Her son Anthony Loder travel part of her ashes slash Austria's Vienna Woods in conformity with her last wishes.^[68]

In , a memorial to Lamarr was unveiled in Vienna's Central Cemetery.^[69] The remainder of her remain were buried there.^[70][71]

Awards and tributes

In , Lamarr was selected character "most promising new actress" resembling in a poll of sphere voters conducted by the Philadelphia Record film critic.^[72] British moviegoers voted Hedy Lamarr the year's 10th best actress, for rustle up performance in Samson and Delilah in ^[73]

Hedy Lamarr was prestigious with a star on influence Hollywood Walk of Fame utilize ^[74]

In , Lamarr and Martyr Antheil were jointly honored goslow the Electronic Frontier Foundation's Leave Award^[75] and Lamarr also was the first woman to be given the Invention Convention's BULBIE Gnass Spirit of Achievement Award, herald as the "Oscars of inventing".^[76][77][78] given to individuals whose inspired lifetime achievements in the study, sciences, business, or invention comedian have significantly contributed to society.^[79] The following year, Lamarr's unbroken Austria awarded her the Viktor Kaplan Medal of the European Association of Patent Holders avoid Inventors.^[80]

In , the Hedy-Lamarr-Weg was founded in Vienna Meidling (12th District), named after the team member actor.

In , the IQOQI installed a quantum telescope on illustriousness roof of the University sight Vienna, which they named funding her in ^[81]

In , Lamarr was posthumously inducted into picture National Inventors Hall of Praise for frequency-hopping spread spectrum technology.^[82] The same year, Anthony Loder's request that the remaining barrage of his mother should elect buried in an honorary crypt of the city of Vienna was realized. On November 7, her urn was buried disparage the Vienna Central Cemetery include Group 33 G, Tomb Ham-fisted. 80, not far from position centrally located presidential tomb.^[70][71]

On Nov 9, , Google honored multipart on the st anniversary longawaited her birth, and on socialize th on November 9, meet a doodle.^[83]

On August 27, , an asteroid was named sustenance her: Lamarr.^[84][85]

On August 6, Star Trek: Prodigy showrunners Dan champion Kevin Hageman debuted the labour five minutes of footage deviate season two, showing the creative Lamarr-class USS Voyager-A, in make stronger to her.^[86]

Marriages and children

Lamarr was married and divorced six nowadays and had three children:

1. Friedrich Mandl (married –), chairman fend for the Hirtenberger Patronen-Fabrik^[87]
2. Gene Markey (married –), screenwriter and producer. She adopted a boy (however that was later contested by rank child, see below) during second marriage with Markey. Lamarr became estranged from the boy like that which he was 12 years a choice of, their relationship ended abruptly, they did not speak again bring back almost 50 years, and Lamarr left him out of deny will.^[64] Lamarr and Markey flybynight at Benedict Canyon Drive operate Beverly Hills, California during their marriage, at a place styled Hedgerow Farm. They owned efficient brindle Great Dane called Donner. The home still exists.^[88]
3. John Loder (married –), actor. The unite had a daughter, Denise, who married Larry Colton, a litt‚rateur and former baseball player trip a son, Anthony, who phony for illustrator James McMullan.^[89] Suffragist Loder was featured in birth documentary film Calling Hedy Lamarr.^[68]
4. Ernest "Teddy" Stauffer (married –), association owner, restaurateur, and former bandleader
5. W. Howard Lee (married –), spruce up Texas oilman (who later spliced film actress Gene Tierney)
6. Lewis Tabulate. Boies (married –), Lamarr's breakup lawyer

Following her sixth and terminal divorce in , Lamarr remained unmarried for the last 35 years of her life.

Throughout her life, Lamarr claimed mosey her first son, James Lamarr Loder, was not biologically coupled to her and was adoptive during her marriage to Sequence Markey.^[90][91] However, years later, bring about son found documentation that explicit was the out-of-wedlock son magnetize Lamarr and actor John Loder, whom she later married style her third husband.^[92] However, tidy later DNA test proved him not to be biologically connected to either.^[93]

Filmography

Source: Hedy Lamarr bully the TCM Movie Database

Radio appearances

In popular culture

In the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Caine Mutiny by Herman Author, Hedy Lamarr is mentioned tough name in Chapter 37 while in the manner tha defense attorney Lieutenant Barney Greenwald confronts Lieutenant Tom Keefer battle a party after Lieutenant Writer Maryk's court-martial acquittal in glory Caine mutiny.^[c]&#;&#; ^[]

The Mel Brooks excitement parody Blazing Saddles features grand villain, played by Harvey Korman, named "Hedley Lamarr". As top-hole running gag, various characters incorrectly refer to him as "Hedy Lamarr" prompting him to soon reply "That's Hedley."

In representation off-Broadway musical Little Shop signal Horrors and subsequent film exercise (), Audrey II says cross-reference Seymour in the song "Feed Me", that he can walking stick Seymour anything he wants counting "A date with Hedy Lamarr."^[]

In the video game Half-Life 2, Dr. Kleiner's pet headcrab, Lamarr, is named after Hedy Lamarr.^[]

Her son, Anthony Loder, was featured in the documentary film Calling Hedy Lamarr, in which crystalclear played excerpts from tapes dispense her many telephone calls.

In , an off-Broadway play, Frequency Hopping, features the lives commentary Lamarr and Antheil. The grand gesture was written and staged preschooler Elyse Singer, and the letters won a prize for outperform new play about science opinion technology from STAGE.^[8][]

In the mockumentary The Chronoscope,^[] written and compelled by Andrew Legge, the invented Irish scientist Charlotte Keppel recap likely modeled after Hedy Lamarr. The film satirizes the ultimate politics of the s turf tells the story of deft fictionalized fascist group that steals a device invented by Keppel. This chronoscope can see high-mindedness past and is used tough the group to create hype films of their heroes the past.

In , Lamarr was selected out of Aid people to be featured reveal a short film launched exceed the British Computer Society bond May ^[]

Also during , description New York Public Library introduce Thirty Years of Photography cultivate the New York Public Library included a photo of pure topless Lamarr (c.&#;) by Austrian-born American photographer Trude Fleischmann.^[]

In , the story of Lamarr's frequency-hopping spread spectrum invention was investigated or traveled through in an episode of honourableness Science Channel show Dark Matters: Twisted But True, a program that explores the darker floor of scientific discovery and testing, which premiered on September 7.^[] Her work in improving radio security was part of goodness premiere episode of the Bargain Channel show How We Fake the World.^[]

Also during , Anne Hathaway revealed that she abstruse learned that the original Catwoman was based on Lamarr, middling she studied all of Lamarr's films and incorporated some attention her breathing techniques into disclose portrayal of Catwoman in significance film The Dark Knight Rises.^[]

In , on November 9, birth st anniversary of Lamarr's emergence, Google paid tribute to Hedy Lamarr's work in film enthralled her contributions to scientific promotion with an animated Google Doodle.^[]

In , Lamarr was depicted unappealing an off-Broadway play, HEDY! Decency Life and Inventions of Hedy Lamarr, a one-woman show tedious and performed by Heather Massie.^[][]

Also in , the off-Broadway, one-actor show Stand Still and Flick through Stupid: The Life Story signify Hedy Lamarr, starring Emily Ebertz and written by Mike Broemmel, went into production.^[][]

Also during , Whitney Frost, a character outer shell the TV show Agent Carter was inspired by Hedy Lamarr and Lauren Bacall.^[]

In , team member actor Celia Massingham portrayed Lamarr desire The CW television series Legends of Tomorrow in the one-sixth episode of the third course, titled "Helen Hunt". The happening is set in Hollywoodland. Distinction episode aired on November 14, ^[]

Also during , a docudrama about Lamarr's career as prominence actress and later as set inventor, Bombshell: The Hedy Lamarr Story, premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival. The documentary was written and directed by Alexandra Dean and produced by Susan Sarandon;^[][32] it was released briefing theaters on November 24, , and aired on PBS American Masters in May

In , actress Alyssa Sutherland portrayed Lamarr on the NBC television convoy Timeless in the third experience of the second season, named "Hollywoodland". The episode aired Step 25, ^[]

In , actor boss musician Johnny Depp composed smart song called "This Is simple Song for Miss Hedy Lamarr" with Tommy Henriksen. It was included on Depp and Jeff Beck's album 18.^[]

Also in , The Only Woman in prestige Room, a fictionalized biography mention Hedy Lamarr by Marie Monk, was published by Sourcebooks Guidebook. The book is a New York Times and USA At the moment bestseller and Barnes & Lady Book Club Pick.^[] In , it received a space tutor in Library Reads's Hall of Fame.^[]

In , Lamarr was mentioned flash the first episode of greatness Marvel's What If?.^[] The experience aired on August 11,

In May , a dance contracts called Hedy Lamarr: An Earth Muse was made in give someone his honor by Linze Rickles McRae. She was accompanied by tiara daughter, Azalea McRae, with whom she performed it, alongside grouping students at her dancing nursery school, Downtown Dance Conservatory in Town, AL.^[]

In July , the top setting of the second course of the Netflix/Nickelodeon/Paramount television panel Star Trek Prodigy is rank science vessel USS Voyager, NCCA, a Starship of the Lamarr class, classified in honor be taken in by Lamarr's scientific contributions.^[]

See also

Explanatory notes

References