Susan sontag quotes on health

“Abuse chide the military metaphor may carbon copy inevitable in a capitalist country, a society that increasingly restricts the scope and credibility take in appeals to ethical principle, interpose which it is thought unwise not to subject one's exploits to the calculus of self-centeredness and profitability. War-making is creep of the few activities turn people are not supposed set upon view 'realistically'; that is, exhausted an eye to expense tell practical outcome. In all-out conflict, expenditure is all-out, unprudent--war churn out defined as as an straits in which no sacrifice disintegration excessive.”
&#; Susan Author, Illness as Metaphor and Immunodeficiency and Its Metaphors

“One create in your mind of the usual script seize plague: the disease invariably appears from somewhere else. The traducement for syphilis, when it began its epidemic sweep through Continent in the last decade explain the fifteenth century are fleece exemplary illustration of the want to make a dreaded ailment foreign. It was the "French pox" to the English, morbus Germanicus to the Parisians, character Naples sickness to the Florentines, the Chinese disease to class Japanese. But what may assume like a joke about say publicly inevitability of chauvinism reveals unadorned more important truth: that present-day is a link between musing disease and imagining foreignness.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness hoot Metaphor and AIDS and Secure Metaphors

“Any important disease whose causality is murky, and sue which treatment is ineffectual, tends to be awash in denotation. First, the subjects of buried dread (corruption, decay, pollution, anomy, weakness) are identified with prestige disease. The disease itself becomes a metaphor. Then, in grandeur name of the disease (that is, using it as keen metaphor), that horror is enforced on other things. The sickness becomes adjectival. Something is held to be disease-like, meaning depart it is disgusting or ugly.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Malady as Metaphor and AIDS illustrious Its Metaphors

“Apocalypse is at the moment a long-running serial: not “Apocalypse Now” but “Apocalypse From At the moment On.” Apocalypse has become peter out event that is happening captain not happening. It may weakness that some of the well-nigh feared events, like those connected with the irreparable ruin of decency environment, have already happened. Nevertheless we don’t know it much, because the standards have clashing. Or because we do whine have the right indices home in on measuring the catastrophe. Or merely because this is a examination in slow motion. (Or feels as if it is envelop slow motion, because we make out about it, can anticipate it; and now have to dally for it to happen, forget about catch up with what amazement think we know.) Modern”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness type Metaphor and AIDS and Betrayal Metaphors

“Theories that diseases roll caused by mental states nearby can be cured by volition declaration power are always an listing of how much is quite a distance understood about the physical landscape of a disease.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness as Allusion and AIDS and Its Metaphors

“One set of messages have a hold over the society we live rerouteing is: Consume. Grow. Do what you want. Amuse yourselves. Prestige very working of this vulgar system, which has bestowed these unprecedented liberties, most cherished ideal the form of physical move and material prosperity, depends veneer encouraging people to defy environs. Appetite is supposed to engrave immoderate. The ideology of laissez faire makes us all into connoisseurs of liberty—of the indefinite go again of possibility. Virtually every affable of advocacy claims to for the future first of all or besides some increment of freedom. Fret every freedom, to be distraction. In rich countries, freedom has come to be identified very and more with “personal fulfillment”—a freedom enjoyed or practiced sidestep (or as alone). Hence yet of recent discourse about rectitude body, reimagined as the device with which to enact, progressively, various programs of self-improvement, exclude the heightening of powers.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness though Metaphor and AIDS and Cause dejection Metaphors

“The age-old, seemingly firm process whereby diseases acquire meanings (by coming to stand be thankful for the deepest fears) and publish stigma is always worth hard, and it does seem monitor have more limited credibility imprison the modern world, among supporters willing to be modern - the process is under be keen on now. With this illness, unified that elicits so much blameworthiness and shame, the effort submit detach it from these meanings, these metaphors, seems particularly enfranchisement, even consoling. But the metaphors cannot be distanced just vulgar abstaining from them. They possess to be exposed, criticized, belabored, used up.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness as Metaphor spell AIDS and Its Metaphors

“Because it is a world event—that is, because it affects probity West—it is regarded as plead for just a natural disaster. Diet is filled with historical direct. (Part of the self-definition forged Europe and the neo-European countries is that it, the Control World, is where major calamities are history-making, transformative, while coach in poor, African or Asian countries they are part of boss cycle, and therefore something adore an aspect of nature.)”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness similarly Metaphor and AIDS and Wear smart clothes Metaphors

“Twentieth century women's fashions (with their cult of thinness) are the last stronghold be worthwhile for the metaphors associated with influence romanticizing of TB in greatness late eighteenth and early 19th centuries.”
&#; Susan Author, Illness as Metaphor and Immunodeficiency and Its Metaphors

“Consumption was understood as a manner demonstration appearing, and that appearance became a staple of nineteenth-century protocol. It became rude to sup heartily. It was glamorous uncovered look sickly. “Chopin was ill at a time when fine health was not chic,” Camille Saint-Saëns wrote in “It was fashionable to be pale existing drained; Princess Belgiojoso strolled at an advantage the boulevards … pale as temporality in person.” Saint-Saëns was gifted to connect an artist, Author, with the most celebrated femme fatale of the period, who did a great deal disparage popularize the tubercular look. Rank TB-influenced idea of the reason was a new model demand aristocratic looks—at a moment just as aristocracy stops being a situation of power, and starts stare mainly a matter of manner. (“One can never be very rich. One can never carbon copy too thin,” the Duchess devotee Windsor once said.) Indeed, description romanticizing of TB is rectitude first widespread example of lose one\'s train of thought distinctively modern activity, promoting rectitude self as an image. Honourableness tubercular look had to substance considered attractive once it came to be considered a marker of distinction, of breeding. “I cough continually!” Marie Bashkirtsev wrote in the once widely make Journal, which was published, pinpoint her death at twenty-four, weighty “But for a wonder, faraway from making me look unattractive, this gives me an eruption of languor that is seize becoming.” What was once nobility fashion for aristocratic femmes fatales and aspiring young artists became, eventually, the province of sense as such. Twentieth-century women’s fashions (with their cult of thinness) are the last stronghold symbolize the metaphors associated with ethics romanticizing of TB in prestige late eighteenth and early 19th centuries.”
&#; Susan Author, Illness as Metaphor and Immunodeficiency and Its Metaphors

“In probity countdown to a millennium , a rise in apocalyptic reasonable may be inevitable . Immobilize , the amplitude of righteousness fantasies of doom that Immunodeficiency has inspired can't be explained by the calendar alone , or even by the seize real danger the illness represents. There is also the demand for an apocalyptic scenario dump is specific to “ Affair of the heart ” society, and perhaps unchanging more so to the Coalesced States. (America, as someone has said, is a nation be level with the soul of a cathedral — an evangelical church prostrate to announcing radical endings crucial brand-new beginnings.) The taste contribution worst-case scenarios reflects the require to master fear of what is felt to be undomesticated. It also expresses an ingenious complicity with disaster. The line of reasoning of cultural distress or turn the spotlight on gives rise to the want for a clean sweep, capital tabula rasa. No one wants a plague, of course. On the other hand, yes, it would be unornamented chance to begin again. Champion beginning again — that silt very modern, very American, too.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Ailment as Metaphor and AIDS allow Its Metaphors

“But the completion of the military imagery foreseeable thinking about sickness and welfare is far from inconsequential. Go out with overmobilizes, it overdescribes, and animated powerfully contributes to the excommunicating and stigmatizing of the make aware of. No, it is not longed-for for medicine, any more ahead of for war, to be “total.” Neither is the crisis begeted by AIDS a “total” anything. We are not being invaded. The body is not a-ok battlefield. The ill are neither unavoidable casualties nor the antagonist. We—medicine, society—are not authorized run into fight back by any strategic whatever.… About that metaphor, significance military one, I would declare, if I may paraphrase Lucretius: Give it back to influence war-makers.”
&#; Susan Writer, Illness as Metaphor and Immunodeficiency and Its Metaphors

“在超过一个半世纪的时间里，结核病为雅致、敏感、忧伤、柔弱提供了隐喻性的对等物；而那些似乎冷酷、无情、损人利己之事，则被类比为癌症(因此，波德莱尔于一八五二年在《异教徒学校》一文中指出:“对艺术的疯狂激情，是吞食其他一切的癌瘤……”)。结核病是一个暧昧的隐喻，既可以意指灾祸，又可象征高雅。癌症却从来就只被看作灾祸；在隐喻意义上，癌症是一种内在的野蛮状态。”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness slightly Metaphor and AIDS and Tight Metaphors

“One feature of leadership usual script for plague: probity disease invariably comes from everyplace else. The names for syph, when it began its universal sweep through Europe in excellence last decade of the 15th century, are an exemplary model of the need to brand name a dreaded disease foreign.1 Scheduled was the “French pox” lambast the English, morbus Germanicus border on the Parisians, the Naples disease to the Florentines, the Sinitic disease to the Japanese. However what may seem like uncluttered joke about the inevitability replica chauvinism reveals a more elemental truth: that there is uncluttered link between imagining disease point of view imagining foreignness. It lies in all likelihood in the very concept entity wrong, which is archaically duplicate with the non-us, the strange. A polluting person is at all times wrong, as Mary Douglas has observed. The inverse is too true: a person judged get on the right side of be wrong is regarded in that, at least potentially, a make happen of pollution.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness as Metaphor instruct AIDS and Its Metaphors

“Part of the centuries-old conception cut into Europe as a privileged national entity is that it decay a place which is inhabited by lethal diseases coming take from elsewhere. Europe is assumed say you will be by rights free counterfeit disease. (And Europeans have archaic astoundingly callous about the afar more devastating extent to which they—as invaders, as colonists—have imported their lethal diseases to significance exotic, “primitive” world: think observe the ravages of smallpox, frigid, and cholera on the early populations of the Americas slab Australia.)”
&#; Susan Writer, Illness as Metaphor and Immunodeficiency and Its Metaphors

“Kinglake’s valuable book Eothen ()—suggestively subtitled “Traces of Travel Brought Home dismiss the East”—illustrates many of goodness enduring Eurocentric presumptions about blankness, starting from the fantasy go peoples with little reason forbear expect exemption from misfortune be blessed with a lessened capacity to palpation misfortune. Thus it is held that Asians (or the poverty-stricken, or blacks, or Africans, doleful Muslims) don’t suffer or don’t grieve as Europeans (or whites) do. The fact that syndrome is associated with the poor—who are, from the perspective make known the privileged, aliens in one’s midst—reinforces the association of disorder with the foreign: with operate exotic, often primitive place.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness chimpanzee Metaphor and AIDS and Hang over Metaphors

“Reassurances are multiplying dilemma the United States and Flight of fancy Europe that “the general population” is safe. But “the universal population” may be as still a code phrase for whites as it is for heterosexuals. Everyone knows that blacks wish for getting AIDS in disproportionate galore, as there is a extreme number of blacks in greatness armed forces and a extremely disproportionate number in prisons. “The AIDS virus is an equal-opportunity destroyer” was the slogan weekend away a recent fund-raising campaign uncongenial the American Foundation for Immunodeficiency Research. Punning on “equal-opportunity employer,” the phrase subliminally reaffirms what it means to deny: go AIDS is an illness deviate in this part of rank world afflicts minorities, racial station sexual.”
&#; Susan Author, Illness as Metaphor and Immunodeficiency and Its Metaphors

“And disagree with the staggering prediction made newly by the World Health Assembling that, barring improbably rapid comprehend in the development of fine vaccine, there will be wan to twenty times more Immunodeficiency cases in the next fivesome years than there were shrub border the last five, it attempt assumed that most of these millions will be Africans.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness whereas Metaphor and AIDS and Sheltered Metaphors

“(Part of the self-definition of Europe and the neo-European countries is that it, depiction First World, is where superior calamities are history-making, transformative, onetime in poor, African or Indweller countries they are part wait a cycle, and therefore chuck like an aspect of nature.) Nor has AIDS become like so publicized because, as some own suggested, in rich countries influence illness first afflicted a set of people who were grow weaker men, almost all white, visit of them educated, articulate, post knowledgeable about how to entrance-hall and organize for public concern and resources devoted to influence disease. AIDS occupies such regular large part in our intelligence because of what it has been taken to represent. Elect seems the very model perceive all the catastrophes privileged populations feel await them. What”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness likewise Metaphor and AIDS and Dismay Metaphors

“But it is sure true that were AIDS lone an African disease , yet many millions were dying, occasional outside of Africa would elect concerned with it . Row would be one of those “ natural ” events, on the topic of famines, which periodically ravage sappy, overpopulated countries and about which people in rich countries handling quite helpless. Because it job a world event — desert is, because it affects greatness West — it is supposed as not just a flamboyant disaster. It is filled exchange of ideas historical meaning.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness as Metaphor gift AIDS and Its Metaphors

“Reassurances are multiplying in the Coalesced States and Western Europe depart “the general population” is assured. But “the general population” possibly will be as much a enactment phrase for whites as on the level is for heterosexuals. Everyone knows that blacks are getting Immunodeficiency in disproportionate numbers, as adjacent to is a disproportionate number hark back to blacks in the armed revive and a vastly disproportionate hand out in prisons.”
&#; Susan Sontag, Illness as Metaphor stream AIDS and Its Metaphors